Ayodhya Ram Mandir | Ram Janmabhoomi | Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas| Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra | Ram Temple

 Ram Mandir, Ayodhya

Ram Mandir, Ayodhya

Ram Janmabhoomi (literally, "Rama's birthplace") is the name given to the site that is believed to be the birthplace of Rama, the seventh avatar of the Hindu deity Vishnu. The Ramayana states that the location of Rama's birthplace is on the banks of the Sarayu river in a city called "Ayodhya".

Some Hindus claim that the exact site of Rama's birthplace is where the Babri Masjid once stood in the present-day Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh. According to this theory, the Mughals demolished a Hindu shrine that marked the spot, and constructed a mosque in its place. People opposed to this theory state that such claims arose only in the 18th century, and that there is no evidence for the spot being the birthplace of Rama.

Ram Mandir,Ayodhya

The political, historical and socio-religious debate over the history and location of the Babri Mosque, and whether a previous temple was demolished or modified to create it, is known as the Ayodhya dispute.

In 1992, the demolition of the Babri Masjid by Hindu nationalists triggered widespread Hindu-Muslim violence.

Several other sites, including places in other parts of India, Afghanistan, and Nepal, have been proposed as birthplaces of Rama.

The five judges Supreme Court bench heard the title dispute cases from August to October 2019. On 9 November 2019, the Supreme Court ordered the land to be handed over to a trust to build the Hindu temple. It also ordered to the government to give alternate 5 acre land to Sunni Waqf Board to build the mosque. On 5 February 2020, the trust known as Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra was created by the Government of India. The trust will oversee the construction of the Ram Mandir. The foundation stone for construction of the temple was laid on 5 August 2020 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Ram Temple,Ayodhya

Ram Mandir, Ayodhya
Proposed Architecture Design of Ram Temple at Ayodhya.
Religion
Affiliation	Hinduism
Deity	Ram Lalla (infant form of Rama)
Festivals	Rama Navami, Diwali, Dussehra
Location
Location	Ram Janmabhoomi, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India
Geographic coordinates	26.7956°N 82.1943°ECoordinates:   26.7956°N 82.1943°E
Architecture
Architect(s)	Sompura family (Chandrakant Sompura Nikhil Sompura and Ashish Sompura)
Creator	Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra Construction by Larsen & Toubro
Groundbreaking	5 August 2020
Completed	Under construction since 6 months, 3 weeks and 6 days
Temple(s)	1

History

Ayodhya is regarded as one of the seven sacred cities of the Hindus, revered because of its association in the great Indian epic poem Ramayana with the birth of Rama and with the rule of his father, Dasharatha. According to this source, the town was prosperous and well fortified and had a large population.

In traditional history, Ayodhya was the early capital of the kingdom of Kosala, though in Buddhist times (6th–5th century BCE) Shravasti became the kingdom’s chief city. Scholars generally agree that Ayodhya is identical with the town of Saketa, where the Buddha is said to have resided for a time. Its later importance as a Buddhist centre can be gauged from the statement of the Chinese Buddhist monk Faxian in the 5th century CE that there were 100 monasteries there (although he cited 100, Faxian probably did not mean that exact number, just that there were many monasteries). There were also a number of other monuments, including a stupa (shrine) reputed to have been founded by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka (3rd century BCE).

The Kanauj kingdom arose in Ayodhya, then called Oudh, during the 11th and 12th centuries CE. The region was later included in the Delhi sultanate, the Jaunpur kingdom, and, in the 16th century, the Mughal Empire. Oudh gained a measure of independence early in the 18th century but became subordinate to the British East India Company in 1764. In 1856 it was annexed by the British; the annexation and subsequent loss of rights by the hereditary land revenue receivers provided one of the causes of the Indian Mutiny in 1857. Oudh was joined with the Agra Presidency in 1877 to form the North-Western Provinces and later the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, now Uttar Pradesh state.

Despite the town’s great age, there are few surviving monuments of any antiquity. The Babri Masjid (“Mosque of Bābur”) was built in the early 16th century by the Mughal emperor Bābur on a site traditionally identified as Rama’s birthplace and as the location of an ancient Hindu temple, the Ram Janmabhoomi. Because of its significance to both Hindus and Muslims, the site was often a matter of contention. In 1990, riots in northern India followed the storming of the mosque by Hindu nationalists intent on erecting a temple on the site; the ensuing crisis brought down the Indian government. Two years later, on December 6, 1992, the three-story mosque was demolished in a few hours by a crowd of Hindu nationalists. It was estimated that more than 2,000 people died in the rioting that swept through India following the mosque’s destruction. An investigative commission led by Manmohan Singh Liberhan, a retired judge, was formed in 1992 but did not issue a report until 2009. The report, when it finally appeared, caused an uproar because it blamed several leading figures from the pro-Hindu Bharatiya Janata Party for the mosque’s destruction. A court ruling in 2010 divided the land between Hindus and Muslims, but that decision was overturned in 2019 by the Supreme Court, which entrusted the property exclusively to Hindus.

Babari Masjid

Background

Rama, considered an incarnation of god Vishnu, is a widely worshiped Hindu deity. According to the ancient Indian epic, Ramayana, Rama was born in Ayodhya. In the 16th century, the Mughals constructed a mosque, the Babri Masjid which is believed to be the site of the Ram Janmabhoomi, the birthplace of Rama. A violent dispute arose in the 1850s.

In the 1980s, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), belonging to the Hindu nationalist family Sangh Parivar, launched a new movement to reclaim the site for Hindus and to erect a temple dedicated to the infant Rama (Ram Lalla) at this spot. In November 1989, the VHP laid the foundations of a temple on land adjacent to the disputed mosque. On 6 December 1992, the VHP and the Bharatiya Janata Party organised a rally at the site involving 150,000 volunteers, known as kar sevaks. The rally turned violent, and the crowd overwhelmed the security forces and tore down the mosque. The demolition resulted in several months of intercommunal rioting between India's Hindu and Muslim communities, causing the death of at least 2,000 people, and triggering riots all over the Indian subcontinent.

A 1978 and a 2003 archaeological excavation by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) found evidence indicating that Hindu temple remains had existed on the site.Archeologist KK Muhammad accused several historians of undermining the findings. Over the years, various title and legal disputes also took place, such as the passage of the Acquisition of Certain Area at Ayodhya Ordinance, 1993. It was only after the 2019 Supreme Court verdict on Ayodhya dispute that it was decided the disputed land be handed over to a trust formed by the Indian government for the construction of a Ram temple. The trust was eventually formed under the name Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra. Five acres of land was allocated for the mosque elsewhere in the city. On 5 February 2020, it was announced in the Parliament that the Narendra Modi government had accepted a scheme to construct the temple.

Prior construction efforts

In the 1980s, the VHP collected funds and bricks with "Shree Ram" written on them. Later, the Rajiv Gandhi government gave the VHP permission for Shilanyas, with the then Home Minister Buta Singh formally conveying the permission to the VHP leader Ashok Singhal. Initially the centre and state governments had agreed upon the conducting of the Shilanyas outside of the disputed site. However, on 9 November 1989, a group of VHP leaders and Sadhus laid the foundation stone by digging a 200-litre (7-cubic-foot) pit adjacent to the disputed land. The singhdwar (transl. main entrance) of the sanctum was laid here. Kameshwar Chaupal (a Dalit leader from Bihar) became one of the first people to lay the stone.

Babri Masjid Site

The Ramayana, a Hindu epic whose earliest portions date back to 1st millennium BCE, states that the capital of Rama was Ayodhya. According to the local Hindu belief, the site of the now-demolished Babri Mosque in Ayodhya is the exact birthplace of Rama. The Babri mosque is believed to have been constructed during 1528–29 by a certain 'Mir Baqi' (possibly Baqi Tashqandi), who was a commander of the Mughal emperor Babur (r. 1526–1530). However, the historical evidence for these beliefs is scant.

In 1611, an English traveller William Finch visited Ayodhya and recorded the "ruins of the Ranichand [Ramachand] castle and houses". He made no mention of a mosque. In 1634, Thomas Herbert described a "pretty old castle of Ranichand [Ramachand]" which he described as an antique monument that was "especially memorable". However, by 1672, the appearance of a mosque at the site can be inferred because Lal Das's Awadh-Vilasa describes the location of birthplace without mentioning a temple or "castle". In 1717, the Moghul Rajput noble Jai Singh II purchased land surrounding the site and his documents show a mosque. The Jesuit missionary Joseph Tiefenthaler, who visited the site between 1766–1771, wrote that either Aurangazeb (r. 1658–1707) or Babur had demolished the Ramkot fortress, including the house that was considered as the birthplace of Rama by Hindus. He further stated that a mosque was constructed in its place, but the Hindus continued to offer prayers at a mud platform that marked the birthplace of Rama. In 1810, Francis Buchanan visited the site, and stated that the structure destroyed was a temple dedicated to Rama, not a house. Many subsequent sources state that the mosque was constructed after demolishing a temple.

Police officer and writer Kishore Kunal states that all the claimed inscriptions on the Babri mosque were fake. They were affixed sometime around 1813 (almost 285 years after the supposed construction of the mosque in 1528 CE), and repeatedly replaced.

Before the 1940s, the Babri Masjid was called Masjid-i-Janmasthan ("mosque of the birthplace"), including in the official documents such as revenue records. Shykh Muhammad Azamat Ali Kakorawi Nami (1811–1893) wrote: "the Babari mosque was built up in 923(?) A.H. under the patronage of Sayyid Musa Ashiqan in the Janmasthan temple in Faizabad-Avadh, which was a great place of (worship) and capital of Rama’s father"

H.R. Neville, the editor of the Faizabad District Gazetteer (1870), wrote that the Janmasthan temple "was destroyed by Babur and replaced by a mosque." He also wrote "The Janmasthan was in Ramkot and marked the birthplace of Rama. In 1528 A.D. Babur came to Ayodhya and halted here for a week. He destroyed the ancient temple and on its site built a mosque, still known as Babur's mosque. The materials of the old structure [i.e., the temple] were largely employed, and many of the columns were in good preservation."

Babari Masjid site dispute

Proposed Ram Janmabhoomi temple

In 1853, a group of armed Hindu ascetics belonging to the Nirmohi Akhara occupied the Babri Masjid site, and claimed ownership of the structure. Subsequently, the civil administration stepped in, and in 1855, divided the mosque premises into two parts: one for Hindus, and the other for Muslims.

In 1883, the Hindus launched an effort to construct a temple on the platform. When the administration denied them the permission to do this, they took the matter to court. In 1885, the Hindu Sub Judge Pandit Hari Kishan Singh dismissed the lawsuit. Subsequently, the higher courts also dismissed the lawsuit in 1886, in favour of status quo. In December 1949, some Hindus placed idols of Rama and Sita in the mosque, and claimed that they had miraculously appeared there. As thousands of Hindu devotees started visiting the place, the Government declared the mosque a disputed area and locked its gates. Subsequently, multiple lawsuits from Hindus, asking for permission to convert the site into a place of worship.

In the 1980s, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) and other Hindu nationalist groups and political parties launched a campaign to construct the Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir ("Rama birthplace temple") at the site. The Rajiv Gandhi government allowed Hindus to access the site for prayers. On 6 December 1992, Hindu nationalists demolished the mosque, resulting in communal riots leading to over 2,000 deaths.

Proposed Ram Janmabhoomi temple

In 2003, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) conducted excavations of the site on court orders. The ASI report indicated the presence of a 10th-century north Indian style temple under the mosque. Muslim groups and the historians supporting them disputed these findings, and dismissed them as politically motivated. The Allahabad High Court, however, upheld the ASI's findings. The excavations by the ASI were heavily used as evidence by the court that the predating structure was a massive Hindu religious building.

In 2009, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) released its election manifesto, repeating its promise to construct a temple to Rama at the site.

In 2010, the Allahabad High Court ruled that the 2.77 acres (1.12 ha) of disputed land be divided into 3 parts, with 1⁄3 going to the Ram Lalla or Infant Lord Rama represented by the Hindu Maha Sabha for the construction of the Ram temple, 1⁄3 going to the Muslim Sunni Waqf Board and the remaining 1⁄3 going to a Hindu religious denomination Nirmohi Akhara. All the three parties appealed against the division of disputed land to the Supreme Court.

The five judges Supreme Court bench heard the title dispute cases from August to October 2019. On 9 November 2019, the Supreme Court ordered the land to be handed over to a trust to build the Hindu temple. It also ordered to the government to give alternate 5 acre land to Sunni Waqf Board to build the mosque.On 5 February 2020, the trust known as Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra was created by the Government of India.

Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas

Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas (translation: Ram Birthplace Trust) is an organisation which was formed as a trust to promote and oversee the construction of a temple in Ayodhya, India at the Ram Janmabhoomi, the reputed site of the birth of Rama, the seventh and one of the most popular Avatars of Hindu God Vishnu. The Nyas was formed by members of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (World Hindu Council).

On 9 November 2019, the Supreme Court of India ruled to constitute a Trust to build a temple on the entire 2.77 acres of the land by Central Government not this Nyas. On 5 February 2020, the Central Government constituted the trust named Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra which was headed by Mahant Nritya Gopal Das.

Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas

Construction of Ram Temple

The Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra trust began the first phase of construction of the Ram Temple on March, 2020. The Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi performed Bhoomi Pujan and laid the foundation stone of the Ram Temple in Ayodhya on August 05, 2020.

Construction of Ram Temple

Foundation

The Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas (RJN) was founded as an independent trust by members of the Vishva Hindu Parishad on 25 January 1993 to take charge of the site of Ram Janmabhoomi and oversee the construction of the proposed Rama temple. Ramchandra Das Paramhans (1913–2003) was head of the Ram Janmabhoomi Nyas, succeeded upon his death by Nritya Gopal Das.  Its members argued that the Nyas was created so that the Government of India would not control the site and end up involving itself in the construction of the temple. The RJN also operates workshops in Karsevakpuram (City of Volunteers), a major encampment of volunteer activists (called Karsevaks) outside Ayodhya preparing to undertake the construction of the temple.

2010 Ayodhya verdict

The leaders of the RJN welcomed the decision of the Allahabad High Court to distribute the disputed territory into three parts, with one-third going to the Muslim Sunni Waqf Board and another to the Nirmohi Akhara Hindu denomination. However, the RJN claimed that it was the rightful party to take possession of the land and said it would appeal to the Supreme Court of India to seek possession of the entire site.

2019 Supreme Court verdict on Ayodhya dispute

The final hearing in the Supreme Court ended on 16 October 2019. The bench reserved the final judgment and granted three days to contesting parties to file written notes on 'moulding of relief' or narrowing down the issues on which the court is required to adjudicate.

The final judgement in the Supreme Court was officially declared on 9 November 2019. The Supreme Court dismisses the claim of Sunni Waqf Board and ordered that a trust to be made by the Government of India which be building the Temple. On 5 February 2020, the government announced the creation of the trust to be known as Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra. On 5 August 2020, Ram Mandir Bhoomi-poojan was performed in the presence of RSS Chief, Prime Minister and Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.

Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra

Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra is a trust set up for the construction and management of Shri Ram temple in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh by the Government of India. The trust has 15 trustees.

It was created as per the verdict of the Supreme Court of India. Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the formation of the trust in the Lok Sabha on 5 February 2020.

It was given the 2.77 acre (previously disputed) land as well as the 67.703 acre land acquired under the Acquisition of Certain Area at Ayodhya Act, 1993 following the Supreme Court verdict in this regard.

The trust is led by Mahant Nrityagopal Das. Former Solicitor General of India and senior lawyer K. Parasaran, who represented Shri Ram Lalla Virajmaan in the Supreme Court, is also a member of the trust. Initially, the trust was led by Parasaran.

Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra

Deity

Ram Lalla Virajman, the infant form of Rama, an avatar of Vishnu, is the presiding deity of the temple. Ram Lalla's dress will be stitched by tailors Bhagwat Prasad and Shankar Lal; Shankar Lal is a fourth generation tailor to Rama's idol.

Ram Lalla was a litigant in the court case over the disputed site since 1989, being considered a "juristic person" by the law. He was represented by Triloki Nath Pandey, a senior VHP leader who was considered as Ram Lalla's next 'human' friend.

West End High School, Jhargram |School in Jhargram Paschim Medinipur | ICSE School Jhargram

 West end high school,Jhargram

West End High School is located in Jhargram, Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal State is an co-educational English medium school affiliated to The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education, New Delhi.

The school established under the aegis of Women in Social Action, the school has well trained, experienced and highly educated teaching faculty who are also professionally and technically trained, the school is also known to provide equal importance to extra-curricular activities.

The West End High School a wing of Women in Social Action – an NGO committed to the uplift of the people especially the under privileged tribals got off to a start with the avowed aim of working in the interior-most villages of the bordering areas of West Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.

The school was founded in April 2000 by Women in Social Action(WSA) a registered non governmental organization to the eradication of illiteracy and carrying out committed pioneering work for welfare in and around Jhargram.

The school is affiliated to the council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, New Delhi. Apart from Jhargram, students are coming from different corners to study over here, attracted and allured not only by its sylvan surroundings but also by its style of teaching and functioning. In fact West End High School offers all that is expected of a modern english medium school. The main motto is – We can do it – it’s something of a stimulus that spurs us on to achieve what is best and grandest.

We welcome all our prospective students and their guardians to be an integral part of our endeavour to produce high achievers with deep social commitment.

The school offers smart classrooms, library with over 6000 collection of books, periodicals and other newsletters, playground to support all kinds of games and sports, laboratory facilities for all branches under science.

Other notable features of the school is its hostel which is built in a pollution free environment with aesthetic, comfortable and convenient twin sharing hostel facilities. Another facility provided is transportation, the school has its own fleet of vans and buses.

West End High School

The location of West End High School is Raghunathpur, Jhargram,Paschim Medinipur. 37 dedicated and professional teachers ensure that the children get the maximum out of their eduaction in this ICSE school.

2000 saw West End High School being launched. This school's primary medium of instruction is English and the student teacher ratio is 34:1. The school tries to provide best learning environment.

Classes from 1 to 12 run in this school. The current student strength of the school is approximately 1290. It has a library as well with over 40000 books.

The school has given exceptional results in the academic sphere and its students have excelled in extra co-curricular activities too. This school has 100% of students qualifying the examination and out of these 67% scored first grade.

General Info

The West End High is an English medium Co-educational high school , affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certiflcate Examinations( ICSE) sponsored by the registered non-government organizatton namely Women in Social Action (WSA).

It has well-organised and skilled personnel in its team of administration.

Teaching staff consist of highly experienced and professionally trained persons who have vouched to impart education in qualitative and competitive manner to the children irrespective of caste creed and religion.

The school has provision forteaching various subjects included in the course of studies of the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations , New Delhi. It provides physical and instructional facilities in games and sports and other cocurriculum activities in such a manner that its aim to make it an ideal institution of National Standard is gracefully achieved. .

The school takes the responsibility to make the students responsive to needs of the society by instilling virfues in their minds so that they can cope with hurdles in their future life as disciplined citizens .

'Learn to Live and Learn to give' being the motto of the school is well signified , thus helping each child to grow in to a full-fledged human being in terms of both profession and socialization.

West End High School

About Mission

Apart from the academic excellence, West End High School bears the vision of inculcating in the students the right moral values so that they grow up to be able citizens of tomorrow. We make every effort to ensure that our students are global citizens with an Indian heart.

As the medium of instruction is English,cosiderable care and caution is being taken to help the students develop the skills of learning English correctly in real life situations.Perfection is what we seek to import to our children who in their formative stage would feel encouraged to learn with a passion. In this era of careerism and cut throat competition in various professional spheres both communicative and creative English have a wider acceptability in modern times.

School Name:	West End High School
Address:	Jhargram, Paschim Medinipur
State:	West Bengal   (Schools in West Bengal)
City:	Jhargram, Paschim Medinipur   (Schools in Jhargram, Paschim Medinipur)
Pincode:	721507
Country:	India  ( Find schools in India)
Telephone Number:	03221 255191, 255642
Email:	westendhighschool.jhargram@rediffmail.com
Website:	http://www.westendhighschool.org
Board:	ICSE
Management:	Private Schools Women in Social Action
Other Popular Names:
School Type:	PrimarySchool, Middle School, High School, Higher Secondary School

General FAQs

Which board is this school affiliated to?

In India all Schools that have classes upto Xth or XIIth have to be affiliated to atleast one board of education. West End High School , West Midnapore is affiliated to the the following boards: ICSE.

Does this school offer Hostel facility?

West End High School , West Midnapore does not offer hostel facility. This school does not have any provisions for residential scholars. West End High School , West Midnapore is a Day School.

What facilities are available in this school?

West End High School , West Midnapore offers the following facilities: . in this Link

Is this school co-educational?

Yes, West End High School , West Midnapore is co-educational. This school offers education irrespective of the student's gender.

Where is West End High School located at? 

he complete address of West End High School according to CBSE is: Laukhapara Kalaboni Jhargram  West Bengal India 721507. You may want to contact the School to confirm the working hours before visiting.

Which board is West End High School affiliated with?

West End High School is a ICSE, ISC school which is affiliated by Council for Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) as a Co-ed., Day, Permanent school. It is currently headed by Ms. Madhumita Roy as the principal.

What post offices can be found near to West End High School? 

We found a total of 5 post offices found nearby to West End High School. They are: Jamda West Midnapore, Jhargram, Raghunathpur West Midnapore, Jamda (West Midnapore), Raghunathpur (West Midnapore).

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Kolkata Knight Riders player list | Complete list of KKR | List of players in KKR | Squad of KKR

 Kolkata Knight Right player list(KKR)

List of Kolkata Knight Riders cricketers

Sourav Ganguly, the former captain of the Indian cricket team was the icon player and led the franchise in the 2008 and 2010 seasons. Brendon McCullum lead the team in the intervening period. Both captains were released before the 2011 season. The former team included all-rounders Chris Gayle, David Hussey, Laxmi Ratan Shukla, Angelo Mathews, batsman Ricky Ponting and wicket-keeper Wriddhiman Saha. The main bowlers were Umar Gul, Ishant Sharma, Ashok Dinda, Ajit Agarkar and Murali Karthik. Australian batsman Brad Hodge and bowlers Ajantha Mendis and Charl Langeveldt were bought outside the IPL auction in late 2008.

Kolkata Knight Riders in 2008

At the 2009 auction the team bought Bangladeshi all-rounder Mashrafe Mortaza at a whopping price of $600,000 dollars. Due to the unavailability of Pakistani players starting 2009, KKR had to suspend the contract of Umar Gul, who was a key performer from the 2008 season. On 26 April 2009, KKR administration sent back two of its players Akash Chopra and Sanjay Bangar on the premises of poor performance. Shane Bond was acquired after releasing Ricky Ponting, Morne van Wyk and the Pakistani players Umar Gul, Salman Butt, Mohammad Hafeez and Shoaib Akhtar before the third season. Moises Henriques was traded to Delhi in return for Owais Shah and Manoj Tiwary. Thus, their overseas roster for the 2010 season consisted of Shane Bond, Mashrafe Mortaza, Brendon McCullum, Charl Langeveldt, Ajantha Mendis, Angelo Mathews, Brad Hodge, David Hussey, Owais Shah and Chris Gayle.

2011 heralded the beginning of a new era for KKR. In the 2011 season, KKR drastically revamped their squad. Former captain and icon player Sourav Ganguly was not purchased in the January auction. This led to protest rallies, signature campaigns throughout the country and abroad along with stadium protests by various fan groups, such as 'No Dada No KKR', which received both national and international press attention. The team appointed Gautam Gambhir, who was bought for a record-breaking $2.4 million as skipper. Yusuf Pathan was also picked up for a whopping $2.1 million. Other international names who were added include Shakib Al Hasan, Brad Haddin, Jacques Kallis, Brett Lee, Ryan ten Doeschate, Eoin Morgan and James Pattinson. Haddin was replaced by Mark Boucher mid-season due to injury.

In the 2012 auction, KKR bought back their former captain, Brendon McCullum. They also acquired West Indian spinner Sunil Narine and South African fast bowler Marchant de Lange.

The team later added four domestic players to their squad, including Debabrata Das and Iresh Saxena from Bengal, Saurashtra's Chirag Jani and Sanju Samson from Kerala. However, in November 2012, KKR released the latter three from their team along with Jaydev Unadkat, a key performer from the previous seasons. In the 2013 auction, the team acquired only two overseas players, Sachithra Senanayake and Ryan McLaren.

Before the February 2014 auction, the team had only retained their key performers Gautam Gambhir and Sunil Narine. From the auctions that took place, the team brought back Jacques Kallis and Yusuf Pathan with their right-to-match (RTM) card. Also keeping their place in the squad was Ryan ten Doeschate and Shakib Al Hasan. New international players were Morne Morkel, Patrick Cummins and Chris Lynn. Prominent Indian players bought included Robin Uthappa, Umesh Yadav, Manish Pandey, Suryakumar Yadav and Piyush Chawla.

KKR's impressive additions in the 2015 auction were veteran Australian bowler Brad Hogg and wicket-keeper Sheldon Jackson. Before the auction in February 2016, they released Ryan ten Doeschate who was a part of their team for five consecutive seasons along with pace bowler Pat Cummins. The Knight Riders were particularly noted for their change in approach from the previous auctions where they had concentrated on spinners. For the 2016 edition, however, they acquired as many as six pacers in the form of all-rounders John Hastings, Colin Munro, Jason Holder and Rajagopal Sathish as well as bowlers Ankit Rajpoot and Jaydev Unadkat, with the latter being a former player of the squad. They signed one spinner in Manan Sharma. Before the 2017 auctions, they released Morne Morkel, Brad Hogg, Jason Holder, Colin Munro, John Hastings, Jaydev Unadkat, Rajagopal Sathish, Manan Sharma and replacement signing Shaun Tait. From the 2017 Indian Premier League auction, they signed Trent Boult, English all-rounder Chris Woakes, Australian Nathan Coulter-Nile, West Indian Darren Bravo and Jamaican Rovman Powell. The domestic players signed were Rishi Dhawan, Ishank Jaggi, Sayan Ghosh and R Sanjay Yadav. At the time, Andre Russell was banned for one year for doping; he was replaced by Colin de Grandhomme for the season. In January 2018, they only retained West Indian cricketers Sunil Narine and Andre Russell. Their two-time title winning captain Gautam Gambhir was released. At the auction, they retained Robin Uthappa, Piyush Chawla and Kuldeep Yadav using RTM (Right-To-Match) card. KKR also bought back their impressive opener Chris Lynn and uncapped Indian batsman Ishank Jaggi. Other uncapped batsmen bought were Nitish Rana, Shubman Gill, Cameron Delport, Rinku Singh and Apoorv Wankhade. They also bought West Indian uncapped all-rounder Javon Searles and uncapped Indian all-rounders Kamlesh Nagarkoti and Shivam Mavi. Other signings were veteran Indian wicket-keeper Dinesh Karthik, Australian pace bowlers Mitchell Starc and Mitchell Johnson and former Knight Riders player Vinay Kumar.

On 4 March 2018, Dinesh Karthik was appointed as the captain of KKR for IPL 2018 and Robin Uthappa was named vice-captain. Mitchell Starc was ruled out before the season due to injury and Tom Curran was announced as his replacement. Ahead of the auction for IPL 2019, eight players were released from the squad including Mitchell Starc and his replacement Tom Curran.

At the auction, their high-profile buys were Carlos Brathwaite for ₹50 million (US$700,000) and New Zealand pacer Lockie Ferguson for ₹16 million (US$220,000). Other players bought were South African pacer Anrich Nortje, English duo Harry Gurney and Joe Denly as well as uncapped Indian players Nikhil Naik, Prithvi Raj Yarra and Shrikant Mundhe for their base prices of ₹2 million (US$28,000) each. Before IPL 2020, KKR released 11 players from their squad and also traded in Siddhesh Lad from Mumbai Indians.

At the 2020 IPL Auction, KKR bought pace bowler Pat Cummins for 15.5 crores. This was the biggest buy in the auction. KKR also purchased Eoin Morgan, who just came off as captain of the World Cup winning England squad. He was bought for 5.25 crores. On 16 October 2020, Kolkata Knight Riders skipper Dinesh Karthik handed over Kolkata Knight Riders' captaincy to Eoin Morgan.

Kolkata Knight Riders

Current squad

Players with international caps are listed in bold.

No.	Name		Batting style	Bowling style	Notes
27	Nitish Rana		Left-handed	Right-arm off break
77	Shubman Gill		Right-handed	Right-arm off break
35	Rinku Singh		Left-handed	Right-arm off break
N/A	Siddhesh Lad		Right-handed	Right-arm off-break
16	Eoin Morgan		Left-handed	Right-arm medium	Overseas; Captain
52	Rahul Tripathi		Right-handed	Right-arm fast medium
12	Andre Russell		Right-handed	Right-arm fast-medium	Overseas
74	Sunil Narine		Left-handed	Right-arm off break	Overseas
93	Chris Green		Right-handed	Right-arm off-break	Overseas
19	Dinesh Karthik		Right-handed	Right-arm off break	Ex-Captain
18	Tom Banton		Right-handed	Right-arm off break	Overseas
7	Nikhil Naik		Right-handed	Right-arm off break
23	Kuldeep Yadav		Left-handed	Slow left-arm wrist-spin
29	Varun Chakravarthy		Right-handed	Right-arm leg break
N/A	Manimaran Siddharth		Right-handed	Left-arm orthodox
5	Kamlesh Nagarkoti		Right-handed	Right-arm fast
26	Shivam Mavi		Right-handed	Right-arm fast-medium
24	Prasidh Krishna		Right-handed	Right-arm fast-medium
69	Lockie Ferguson		Right-handed	Right-arm fast	Overseas
11	Harry Gurney		Right-handed	Left-arm fast-medium	Overseas
63	Sandeep Warrier		Right-handed	Right-arm medium-fast
30	Pat Cummins		Right-handed	Right-arm fast	Overseas
47	Ali Khan		Right-handed	Right-arm fast-medium	Overseas

All Players list of KKR

General
Name	First	Last	Nationality	Mat
Sourav Ganguly	2008	2010	India	40
Ajit Agarkar	2008	2010	India	27
Aakash Chopra	2008	2009	India	7
Debabrata Das	2008	2013	India	31
Ashoke Dinda	2008	2010	India	29
Chris Gayle	2008	2010	Jamaica	16
Brad Hodge	2008	2010	Australia	19
David Hussey	2008	2010	Australia	23
Iqbal Abdulla	2008	2013	India	33
Murali Karthik	2008	2010	India	26
Brendon McCullum	2008	2013	New Zealand	35
Ajantha Mendis	2008	2009	Sri Lanka	7
Mohammad Hafeez	2008	2008	Pakistan	8
Ricky Ponting	2008	2008	Australia	4
Wriddhiman Saha	2008	2010	India	33
Salman Butt	2008	2008	Pakistan	7
Shoaib Akhtar	2008	2008	Pakistan	3
Laxmi Ratan Shukla	2008	2013	India	42
Tatenda Taibu	2008	2008	Zimbabwe	3
Ishant Sharma	2008	2010	India	31
Umar Gul	2008	2008	Pakistan	6
Ranadeb Bose	2008	2009	India	1
Cheteshwar Pujara	2008	2010	India	10
Yashpal Singh	2008	2009	India	8
Shoaib Shaikh	2009	2009	India	2
Moises Henriques	2009	2009	Australia	4
Arindam Ghosh	2009	2009	India	2
Mashrafe Mortaza	2009	2009	Bangladesh	1
Charl Langeveldt	2009	2010	South Africa	1
Angelo Mathews	2009	2010	Sri Lanka	15
Anureet Singh	2009	2010	India	3
Owais Shah	2010	2010	England	5
Shane Bond	2010	2010	New Zealand	8
Rohan Gavaskar	2010	2010	India	2
Jaydev Unadkat	2010	2016	India	25
Manoj Tiwary	2010	2013	India	54
Gautam Gambhir	2011	2017	India	108
Yusuf Pathan	2011	2017	India	106

Captains

1. Sourav Ganguly (2008,2010)
2. Brendon McCullum (2009)
3. Gautam Gambhir (2011-2017)
4. Dinesh Karthik (2018-2020)
5. Eoin Morgan (2020- Present)

Administration and support staff

Position	Name
Owner	Shah Rukh Khan (Red Chillies Entertainment), Jay Mehta, Juhi Chawla (Mehta Group)
CEO and managing director	Venky Mysore
Team manager	Wayne Bentley
Head coach	Brendon McCullum
Assistant coach	Abhishek Nayar
Mentor	David Hussey
Bowling coach	Kyle Mills
Assistant bowling coach	Omkar Salvi
Spin bowling consultant	Pravin Tambe
Fielding coach	James Foster
Physiotherapist	Kamlesh Jain
Strength and conditioning coach	Chris Donaldson
Data and video analyst	AR Srikkanth

Kolkata Knight Riders | KKR | IPL Team

Kolkata Knight Riders

Kolkata Knight Riders(KKR) Logo

The Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) are a franchise cricket team representing the city of Kolkata in the Indian Premier League. The franchise is owned by Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan, actress Juhi Chawla and her spouse Jay Mehta. The home of the Knight Riders is the iconic Eden Gardens stadium.

The franchise, which has gained immense popularity due to its association with celebrity owners, qualified for the IPL playoffs for the first time in 2011. They became the IPL champions in 2012, by defeating Chennai Super Kings in the final. They repeated the feat in 2014, defeating Kings XI Punjab. The Knight Riders hold the record for the longest winning streak by any Indian team in T20s (14).

The leading run-scorer of the side is Gautam Gambhir, while the leading wicket-taker is Sunil Narine. The official theme of the team is Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re (we will perform, fight and win!) and the official colours are purple and gold. The brand value of the Knight Riders was estimated at $104 million in 2018, second highest among IPL franchises. In 2019, their value was estimated at ₹629 crore (US$88 million).

Kolkata Knight Riders
Nickname(s)	KKR
League	Indian Premier League
Personnel
Captain	Dinesh Karthik
Coach	Brendon McCullum
Owner	Red Chillies Entertainment (55%) Mehta Group (45%)
Team information
City	Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Colours	Purple,Gold
Founded	2008
Home ground	Eden Gardens
Capacity	68,000
History
Indian Premier League wins	2 (2012, 2014)
Official website	kkr.in

kolkata Knight Riders

Franchise history

In 2007, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) created the cricket tournament Indian Premier League based on the Twenty20 form of the game. Eight teams participated in the inaugural tournament held in April – June of the same year. The teams representing the eight different cities of India were put up on auction in Mumbai on 20 February. The team representing Kolkata was eventually bought by Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan's company Red Chillies Entertainment in partnership with actress Juhi Chawla and her husband Jay Mehta for a price of $75.09 million, equal to approximately ₹2.98 billion at that time. Sourav Ganguly, former captain of the Indian national team, a native of West Bengal and the current President of BCCI (Board Cricket Control of India) was named the Icon player for the team. The name of the team is a reference to the popular 1980s American television series Knight Rider.

In June 2015, they bought a stake in the Caribbean Premier League cricket team Trinidad and Tobago Red Steel and later in 2016, renamed it Trinbago Knight Riders.

2008 KKR

Home ground

The home venue of the Knight Riders is the iconic Eden Gardens (with the two ends of the crease called the High Court End and the Club House End). Owned by the Cricket Association of Bengal, it was the largest cricket stadium in India and had a seating capacity of over 90,000. In 2011, the stadium was renovated to meet the standards set by the International Cricket Council for the 2011 Cricket World Cup; reducing its capacity to around 68,000. The renovated stadium includes a new clubhouse and players' facilities, upgrading the exterior wall, cladding the existing roof structure with a new metal skin, and general infrastructure improvements. In 2013, two of the team's home matches were hosted by the JSCA International Cricket Stadium in Ranchi.

Eden Garden Kolkata

The highs

KKR’s two titles in three years remain their zenith. The first win, in 2012, was a landmark because of how poorly the team had fared in the first four seasons. The win in 2014, when they chased the highest-ever IPL final total, against Kings XI Punjab, cemented that year’s squad as legends forever.

The lows

The dream of a fairy tale under Ganguly did not bear fruit, and there was conflict between him and coach John Buchanan, whose multiple-captains strategy drew laughs, especially after the team’s fortunes sank further. The omission of Ganguly ahead of 2011 threatened to ruin Kolkata’s love for KKR, and the ruckus over the Fake IPL player (an anonymous blogger who appeared to have inside information) in the early years made them the butt of jokes as well.

Season by season

2008 - sixth

Sourav Ganguly became captain of the Kolkata based franchise.The name of the team is a reference to the popular 1980s American television series Knight Rider.Brendon McCullum’s 158 not out in the tournament opener made it seem like KKR were the team to beat in the new league. But then, four straight losses put that start to waste and, despite two Player-of-the-Match performances from Ganguly and a demolition of the Delhi Daredevils by Akhtar, the team finished with three losses at the end of the season.

Brendon McCullum

2009 - eighth

Sourav Ganguly was removed from captaincy.Brendon McCullum assumed the role of the captain.KKR had another miserable season finishing last this time.A Super-Over loss in their third game began a string of eight defeats in a row that broke KKR’s back. After 12 games, they had won just one solitary match, and if it wasn’t for their two wins in their last two games, they might have had the worst season of any team in the history of franchise cricket.

2010 - sixth

Ganguly was retained as captain despite two poor seasons, and he scored 493 runs, but the rest of the team did not hit a winning rhythm. They lost a heap of games in the first half of the tournament and could not quite recover, and though they finished tied on 14 points with the teams in third, fourth and fifth places, their poor net run rate cost them a playoff spot. Ganguly was dropped ahead of the next auction.

2011 - fourth

Sourav Ganguly was sacked.This decision was highly criticised by fans.Delhi boy, Gautam Gambhir was brought in the major auction and was handed captainship responsibilities.A new-look KKR set out to change the team’s fortunes, and they qualified for the playoffs for the first time. KKR’s faith in the Indian talent they had bought along with new captain Gambhir was rewarded, with spinner Iqbal Abdulla, fast bowler L Balaji, and middle-order batsmen Pathan and Manoj Tiwary producing match-winning performances. They lost to the Mumbai Indians in the eliminator.

2012 - champions

KKR’s first title came under Gambhir and new coach Trevor Bayliss, who replaced Dav Whatmore. Two losses to begin, then two wins, a loss, six straight victories, two losses, and finally two wins, meant they finished the league stage second. In the final, Manvinder Bisla’s 89 helped KKR chase a tricky 191. It was Narine’s breakthrough season; he was No. 2 on the KKR bowling charts, and he would top them for the next two years. He  starred throughout the season picking up 24 wickets as KKR seemed to have found their mojo.

KKR Champions 2012

2013 - seventh

A forgettable season, sandwiched between two superb years. Narine with the ball and Gambhir with the bat were flawless, but they couldn’t extract contributions from the others. Kallis, although good, was not consistent, and KKR lost ten of their 16 league games, finishing seventh out of nine.

2014 - champions

Having lost five of their first seven games, KKR seemed destined for an early exit, but a streak of nine wins in a row handed them a second title. Gambhir and Uthappa’s partnerships set KKR up for breezy finishes, which Pathan usually provided. Kuldeep Yadav and Kallis put in regular contributions too, and in the final, Pandey’s 94 helped KKR chase 200 against Kings XI Punjab for the title.Robin Uthappa and Sunil Narine starred in the league stages with former scoring 660 runs and the latter picking up 21 wickets.KKR defeated KXIP lifting the IPL trophy for the second time.

KKR 2014 Champions

2015 - fifth

Andre Russell struck three fifties but the season belonged to KKR’s bowlers. Morne Morkel handed KKR a rare win over Mumbai, Umesh Yadav played matchwinner twice, and Piyush Chawla’s four-wicket haul dismantled Delhi Daredevils. KKR had to win one of their last two league games to qualify, but they faltered in both matches, losing to Mumbai and the Royals. It was coach Bayliss’ last season.

2016 - fourth

Russell’s domination continued: he earned three Player-of-the-Match awards, and Pathan two as KKR qualified for the playoffs. There, they were knocked out in the eliminator by the Sunrisers. It was also the first season where Jacques Kallis was coach, a relationship that would last three years.

2017 - third

Lynn’s and Narine’s big-hitting at the top, followed by accumulative performances from Gambhir and Uthappa, put KKR on course for a third IPL title when they won seven of their first nine games, but their performances tapered away as the season progressed. They qualified for the playoffs but were knocked out in the qualifier, after being bowled out for 107. (Russell was not available - he was serving a ban.)

2018 - third

Dinesh Karthik was appointed the captain of the team.KKR reached Qualifier 2 and lost the match out of the tournament.KKR finished 3rd.KKR batted aggressively, using the power of Lynn, Narine and Russell to post big totals to overcome the inexperience of their fast bowling. Despite batting low, Karthik was the team’s highest scorer, with 498 runs. KKR beat the Rajasthan Royals in the eliminator, but fell one step short of the final, losing to runners-up the Sunrisers Hyderabad.

2019 - fifth

They won four of their first five games, and then lost six on the trot. When KKR won, it was often thanks to Russell’s heroics with the bat, which earned him four Player-of-the-Match awards. Shubman Gill’s promotion from finisher to opener worked well, and had they won their final game against the Mumbai Indians, they would have qualified for the playoffs.

Key players

Gautam Gambhir

Gautam Gambhir

KKR’s all-time highest scorer, with 3345 runs, Gambhir made 30 fifties in 122 matches, all of which he captained. Gambhir’s aggressive leadership drew praise, and he led KKR to two IPL titles. He started out batting as an opener but slipped into the middle order to accommodate hard-hitting batsmen.

Robin Uthappa

Robin Uthappa

For long, Uthappa was the bedrock in the middle order around whom KKR’s big-hitters played. His 17 half-centuries for the side usually led to victories. In his prime, Uthappa’s was the wicket opposition teams looked to get. In KKR’s IPL-winning 2014 season, he scored 40 or more eight matches in a row, a record he still holds.

Yusuf Pathan

Yusuf Pathan

Pathan was already an IPL winner at the Rajasthan Royals when he came to KKR, and he brought the winning mentality with him, playing crucial roles in the side’s two title wins. His cameos as a finisher helped KKR cross the line on many occasions, and his 30 wickets in 56 innings were often important partnership breakers.

Andre Russell

Andre Russell

The IPL’s biggest overseas superstar, Russell is the Knight Riders’ third-highest wicket-taker, with a strike rate of under 18, but it is his performances with the bat that are truly stunning. His 1400 runs and counting have come at a strike rate of 188.35, and he is the only KKR batsman to have struck 100 sixes.

Sunil Narine

Sunil Narine

KKR’s most successful bowler by far, mystery spinner Narine has bowled in the powerplay, middle overs, and at the death. Though he has conceded a few more runs than before in the last three years after he remodelled his action, his economy for KKR is under 7. As opener, he has scored at a strike rate of over 180.